Greenhouse gas emissions
In 2024, the Fund Group's carbon footprint (direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions) was 57.8 million tonnes of CO2-eq. Compared to 2023, total greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 3% (59.8 million tonnes of CO2-eq. in 2023).
The portfolio companies keep records of direct (Scope 1) and indirect (Scope 2) emissions of the following greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions in 2024 were 48.4 million tonnes of CO2-eq. (a 3% decrease from 2023). Indirect greenhouse gas emissions were 9.5 million tonnes CO2 (5% decrease from 2023).
Dynamics of the Fund’s Group carbon footprint, million tonnes CO2-eq
| Carbon footprint | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total direct emissions (Scope 1) of greenhouse gases | 61.60 | 50.60 | 49.81 | 48.38 |
| Total indirect emissions (Scope 2) of greenhouse gases | 10.70 | 10.10 | 10.01 | 9.46 |
| Total | 72.30 | 60.70 | 59.82 | 57.84 |
The largest amount of direct greenhouse gas emissions comes from the energy sector – the production of heat and electricity in 2024 released about 32 million tonnes of CO2-eq into the atmosphere (65% of the total Scope 1 emissions). This is due to the use of fossil fuels in energy production. Direct greenhouse gas emissions from the oil and gas sector in 2024 amounted to 13.00 tonnes of CO2-eq (26% of Scope 1).
Among indirect greenhouse gas emissions, the largest share of CO2 emissions comes from purchased electricity (92%). Here emissions were split between the oil and gas sector – 3.47 million tonnes of CO2-eq (36%), the railway sector (27%) and the power sector, where the electricity transmission sector accounted for about 25% of Scope 2 emissions.
A number of the Fund's portfolio companies keep records of indirect Scope 3 emissions related to the supply chain and life cycle of manufactured products. In particular, NAC Kazatomprom JSC analyses emissions from purchased raw materials used in technological processes (sulphuric acid, ammonium nitrate, ammonia water, etc.), emissions from transportation, delivery and use of sold products, transportation and business trips of employees are analysed.
